Steam-heater



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. R. G'. BROWN.

STEAM HEATER. No. 411,885. Patented'Oct. 1, 1889.

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' Wilmwsaa (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. G. BROWN.

STEAM HEATER.

No. 411,885. Patented Oct. 1, 1889.

R. G.'BROWN.

STEAM HEATER.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

No. 411,885. Patented Oct. 1, 18891 T Z 2 1 l I Z lmemkm W'xbmaam RUFUSG. BROXVN, OF VALTIIAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

STEAM- HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 411,885, dated October1, 1889.

Application filed April 16, 1886- Serinl No. 199,128. (No model.)

T0 all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUFUS G. BROWN, of iValtham, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Steaml-leaters, of which the following is aspecifica tion.

Myinveution relates to steam-heaters; and it consists in certainimprovements in the construction and arrangement of the same,substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawing, Figu rel is a side elevation of a steam-heatingapparatus constructed according to my invention with a portion of theouter brick easing broken away and its interior partly in section toshow the construction and arrangement of the parts. Fig. 2 is a top planview of the same 'With the brick casing broken away and partly insection in like manner. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the same withone-half having the casing broken away and parts in section in likemanner.

A is the outer casing, of brick or other suitable material. Inside ofthis casing the heater consists, fundamentally speaking, of a tubularboiler or reservoir 13, forming the fire-pot, and an outer boiler 0,covering and surrounding the other, forming the crownsheet and outerwater and steam reservoir. The operation of these together first causesthe heat of the fuel in the fire-pot to impinge against its innerfire-surface; next, ascending, to impinge against the interiorfire-surface of boiler C, forming the crown-sheet; next, de-

- seending, to pass between boilers B and O until it passes under thelower edge of the latter, and, lastly, ascending between the outercasing A and boiler C to heat the outer surface of the latter. The smokeand gases then pass off through the flue F to the chimney. Boiler C isattached to the front of the easing A and supported on struts within thebrick-work to retain its position. In both horizontal and verticalsection it is n-shaped in its general form.

Owing to the different rates of temperature to which they are at alltimes exposed, the boilers B and 0 make steam at quite unequal rates,and hence there must be ample provision for a circulation of steam andwater between them to insure their efficient and equal co-operation.complished by connecting the bottom part of boiler B with the like partof boiler C and the top part of boiler B with the top part of boiler Gbyseparate pipes I) and (Z, which provide for a constant circulation ofthe steam and water, as shown in my Patent No. 191,796, dated June 1:2,1877. It may, however, be accomplished by any other suitably-shaped conduit, in connection with my present invention, which delivers the steamand water from one of these boilers to the other, my present inventionconsisting, essentially, in forming the outer boiler G of a series ofpipes or tubes and provid in g them with a common water and steamconnection with the fire-pot boiler B, as well as with the steam-pipesof the house to be heated. The object of this is to enable me to formthe outer boiler C so as to present the greatest possibleheating-surface, and so as to prevent leakage, and also so that I canmake it of any desired size and capacity by merely adding tubularsections of the same kind and shape one to another, thus obviating thenecessity of employing a great number of different sizes of patterns intheir manufacture.

Although tubular boilers are well known, I am not aware that they haveever been constructed and the parts connected together so as to enablethem to be properly connected to the fire-pot boiler 13, or even so asto form a crown-sheet and jacket for a base-burning furnace like the oneshown in this application, and at the same time produce the propercirculation and equalization of pressure throughout the boilers by meansof connecting-pipes between them, substantially as set forth.

The boiler G is formed of a series of U- shaped tubes 0 0, havingflanges c 0 projectin g outward on each side, which fit closely togetheron their edges and form the whole series into the boiler 0. Over the topof the fire'pot boiler I each of these tubes 0 c is connected from sideto side by a cross-tube c be low the most horizontal part of'the maintube 0, thus forming what may be termed a double crown-sheet, the lowerone nearest the fire This has heretofore been acbeing the tubes 0 withspaces" between for the ascent of heat, and the upper one being thetubes 0 c. The tubes 0 are formed arching to bring them nearest the fireover the edges of the fire-pot, so as to equalize the heat upon them insome degree; but as this construction would also tend to cause steam toaccumulate and remain in the upper part of the arch of these tubes, Iprovide for the escape of this steam as fast as formed by connecting theupper side of each pipe 0 with the lower side of the pipe 0 above it byone or more short vertical passages 0 As the steam would also form inpipes c and accumulate ii the upper part of pipes 0 I also connect eachof these by a vertical pipe 0 with a drum E over the center of thefurnace. All the steam rising into this drum causes itself to flow withan equal pressure into the steampipe 8, which leads to the apartments tobe heated.

In order to connect the lower ends of each of the tubes 0 with thefire-pot boiler l3 properly, I first lead from its lower ends pipes c 0into the common reservoirs M M on each side of the furnace. From each ofthese reservoirs I lead pipes Z) 1) into the lower end of fire-potboiler B. The pipe 1) leads out of the upper end of boiler B into one ofthe tubes 0, as shown, thus delivering the steam formed in that boilerinto the latter as fast as formed. In order to provide for this extraamount of steam and the consequent extra pressure upon the water in thistube, I form the pipes c and 0 leading from it, larger than thoseleading from the other tubes 0. I also form the pipes b I), leading fromdrums M M, larger than the pipes c 0, leading into them.

The action of the water in forming steam is as follows: The contiguityof fire-pot boiler B and pipes c to the fire causes steam to form inthem first, which escapes through pipes d, c, and c 0 into drum E. Thisstarts a circulation of the coldwater through drums M M into boiler I3and through pipes c c in the crown-sheet part of boiler O, whichcirculation continues as long as the heater is operated, the hot waterand steam continually rising in the more heated parts of the boilers andcolder water continually flowing into its place, not only in each boilerseparately, but between the boilers.

V \V NV represent the places for the various doors of the furnaceforaccess in firing and cleaning it. The firegrate w is placed in thefire-pot in the usual position. pipes 10 are for connection with thesal:etyvalve and steam-gage in the usual way. A plate 1; closes up therear side of the jacket formed by the tubes 0 c and completes the same,so as to force the heat to pass downward under the base of the jacketall around.

My steam-boilers present a great amount of surface to the action of theheat.

WV hat I claim as new and of my invention vis- 1. In combination withthe firc-pot boiler B, two or more n-shaped tubes 0 c, reaching over andaround it and connected by a common water and steam passage wit-h it andwith each other at their top and bottom ends, substantially asdescribed.

2. In combination with the fire-pot boiler B, two or more n shaped tubes0 c, reaching over and around it, each provided with crosstubes 0 c andconnected by a common water and steam passage with said boiler and. witheach other at their top and bottom ends, substantially as described.

3. In combination with a fire-pot boiler B, two or more n-shaped tubesextending over and around it and connected with each other at top andbottom by a common water and steam passage, and the outer shellor-easing A around the latter, connected by pipes with boiler B, thewhole forming a base-burning heating-furnace, substantially asdescribed.

4-. The combination of steam-drum E, nshaped tubes 0 0, one or morewater-drums M, fire-pot boiler 13, and steam and water escape passagecl, leading from the upper end of the latter, the whole being connectedtogether by water and steam passages, substantially as described.

5. In combination wit-h fire-pot boiler B, a fishaped tubular reservoir0, embracing the fire-pot between its lower ends and provided with across-tube 0 passing over the fire-pot between its opposite sides andforming a double crown-sheet for the ascending heat, substantially asdescribed.

RUFUS G. BROXVN. lVitnesses N. P. OCKINGTON, DAVID HALL RICE.

